Vintage Boss Chorus Ensemble Pedal Refurb

Wonderfully-preserved from the era when one could still see Stevie Ray Vaughn perform live, we find a Boss Chorus Ensemble pedal that had been stored for decades.  In the years since, many advances in computer sound modeling has made an infinite universe of tone available to the aspiring guitarist.  However, there is just ‘something’ about the Real Thing.  The owner wanted this wonderful piece of history refurbished and placed back into service.

Years of storage in the high Houston humidity has taken a toll on the outside.  What’s up with those screws on the HIGH/LOW input level switch?

Forget that stuff made in China.  This is the real thing, from Japan!

Since when was an electric guitar considered “HOUSEHOLD ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT”?

The nomenclature for the input and output jacks appears on the top of the unit.

Let’s make a quick tour of the unit.  This is the left half of the front panel.

This is the right half of the front panel.

Several pictures of the circuit boards were made, to verify that the service literature used for this refurb matched reality.  This is the top half of the circuit board’s component side.

This is the bottom half of the component side of the circuit board.  Those fuses are on the AC output of the power transformer.

Most of the screws in the bottom of the unit were missing.  This unit was balancing on two feet.

The interior layout is actually pretty cool, well-representing the line-powered Japanese gear of the period.

I’m going back through and documenting where the various wire colors go.  Note that the wires are just tacked to brass eyelets swaged into the circuit board.  The AC power wires get their own riveted tie points.

Looking closely at the wiring.

Wiring closeups.

More wiring closeups.  This is factory wiring, I believe.

More colored wires.

The black ground wire gets its own lug.

A quick jab of the soldering iron frees the circuit board from the wiring harness.  All passive components were checked and anything that was out of spec was replaced.  Most of the forty-year-old electrolytic capacitors were replaced.

The outer jacket of the AC cord dry-rotted.  This looks gnarly, but the inner insulation seems to be fine.

A new cord is identified with the same outer diameter and wire gauge.

The blue and green wires are the input to the primary wiring of the power transformer.  Note the cable clamp pressed into service as a strain relief for the power cord.

The old cord is gone.  We can keep the cable clamp and move it to the new cord set.

This grommet would not ‘fly’ with UL today, but was fine for the 1980s.  This will be used again.

The new cord is stripped back.  Note the authentic cotton filler.

The cotton mop is trimmed away and the original cable tie is slipped on the new cord.  Next comes the grommet.

The original strain relief was retained.  The white and black wires were later terminated to the green and blue wires seen above.

Both foot switches were ruined.  Out they come!

This is the wiring side of the original ‘effect/bypass’ switch.

Out it comes.  The escutcheon is in rough shape.  Maybe we can freshen it up.

Here we’re trying to salvage some of the original hardware.  A sideways blow the old foot switch damaged the threads.

Here is the wiring side of the chorus/vibrato switch.  This switch was intermittent.

Rather than desolder the wires, I trimmed them off square.  They will be stripped and re-terminated on the new switch.

A pair of DPDT foot switches will adequately replace the foot switches in this unit.

The original trim nuts were in good shape and will be reused, to preserve the original appearance of the unit.

Now let’s move our attention to the potentiometers and switches in this unit.

The nuts were rusty but in good shape otherwise.  Here, one of my deep sockets with the felt cover is used to remove the nuts.  The felt prevents the socket from marring the soft aluminum face plate.

Note the letter “C” after the first line of text.  This denotes a reverse taper pot, used for the vibrato rate control.

Vibrato depth control is a linear taper control, thus the letter “B.”

The chorus intensity control is a linear control as well.

And who would have guessed that the level control was an audio taper potentiometer?

Each potentiomenter was flushed with Blue Shower.

A blast of Rid-Ox really does the trick on dirty contacts.

Some synthetic lubricant keeps the shaft turning smoothly.

Until I get the air compressor line plumbed to the bench, Air In A Can will have to do to dry everything out.

This process leaves everything spotless and clean, inside and out!

A soft tooth brush works well with the crinkle finish paint used on this unit.

The toothbrush cleans the grooves around the indicator lamps.

A lint-free cloth carries away four decades of gunk.

Before going further on the outside, we need to get under the front panel.

With the potentiometers and switches removed, the aluminum panel lifts right out.

Placing the aluminum panel flat on a carpeted surface, gentle pressure will allow us to remove dents.

With the front panel set aside, we can turn our attention to the power switch.  This switch needs cleaning as well.

It gets a treatment similar to the one given the potentiometers.  This is much better!

With the individual pieces reconditioned, it’s time for reassembly.

Controls and switches were installed and wired.  The wiring harness was returned to its factory layout.

We’re starting the process of restoring all the connections made by the colored wires.

Testing was performed with a sheet of cardboard between the circuit board and the metal chassis.

I spotted these parts at a local hardware store.  These screws and bumpers are perfect for replacing the rubber feet.

This guy is ready for another four decades of vintage guitar sound.  This unit sounds AMAZING!

Thanks for reading all the way through!

CONTACT – David Latchaw EE
281-636-8626

Fender Twin Custom Foot Switch Repair

Matt complained that the reverb function of his amp was erratic when he used the factory foot switch.  Could the Unbrokenstring Crew look it over and find the rat?

Let’s take a tour of the unit.  This one is in excellent shape.  Meet the ‘normal’ channel,’ on the left side.

Effects channel is in the middle.

Everything in this amp works well.  I wonder what the issue is?

Name, rank, and serial number, please!

One thing I really like about this unit is the ON and STANDBY switches sport dust boots.  Good practice to keep these switches trouble-free for years to come!

The foot pedal goes here.  This is a stereo jack, to support two functions.  Is this the problem?

Matt supplied the foot switch.  This looks as if it has never been out of the studio.

Inside the unit, we see cast frame Eminence units.  Very nice!

The tube diagram is as it should be.  I understand that the schematic is the same as the original Blackface Fender, only updated with modern components and largely built upon a printed circuit board.  Nice stuff.

No reverb here!  There is an intermittent within the pedal.

The vibrato section works fine, so we need to investigate the foot switch on the right.

Let’s verify that everything is OK here.  Very clean inside!

Amazingly, the reverb foot switch does not actuate every time it’s pressed.  A new unit is pulled from stock.

Here is the new reverb switch.  Now, the reverb is functional, but there is another source of intermittent operation.

Aha!  At the plug end, the wire insulation has pulled back, allowing the inner conductors to touch the case and each other.  This is a mess!

There are actually three conductors in the factory cable; two are used for switch functionality and the third is the braid, a ‘common’ conductor for both circuits which doubles as a ground shield as well.

Here, I’m carefully pulling one conductor out of the center of the braid while leaving the braid intact.

Here are the three ‘wires’ that we need.

I pulled the braid until it was a solid conductor.  This piece of clear tubing will insulate it from the other wires in case the insulation on the wires pulls away again.

This is the finished termination.  I had to use a big iron on the solder joint to the outer shell, and the insulation is a little worse for wear.  I’ll do better next time.  A tie wrap was added on the exiting cable to help the strain relief do its job.

Everything is back together and works per spec.

Another satisfied customer!

Thanks for reading all the way to the bottom!

CONTACT – David Latchaw EE
281-636-8626

Big Muff Pi Pedal Refurb and Update

Matt owned this pedal FOREVER and needed to put it to work in the studio for a project.  But, the foot switch had disassembled itself years ago, and the audio jacks were worn out.  This pedal needed an update to the 21st century, adding compatibility with the distributed power in a pedal board.  Could the Unbrokenstring Crew make this happen?

The knobs and controls were in great shape.  Beyond the audio jacks, switching, and power, the unit works great.

With the top cover removed, we see the VERY heavy gauge frame that takes the force from the foot switch.  Yes, stomp boxes get stomped on!  The LED mounting scheme is obviously some Soviet military hardware.

The top view of the circuit board show the ‘in’ and ‘out’ jacks.  The originals are plastic and completely shelled out.

The circuit board is more Soviet military goodness.  Clearly, this board was ‘hand taped’ and not laid out with an automated.CAD program.  I’d call this ‘one step beyond hand wiring.’

Note that all the wiring insulation is white.  This harness started out as ribbon cable, and each wire was pulled out of the ribbon as it was wired to place.

A modern epoxy-sealed foot switch is trial-fitted.  This one is triple-pole double-throw on/off to handle both the required functionality of the old switch and to implement ‘true bypass’ when the effect is deselected.

Here is the user-side of the foot switch.  We need to be sure that the mushroom button is installed as high as possible to simulate the height of the old foot switch.

For those of you who know your ‘one-line’ electrical symbols, you know that these two terminals are ‘no connect.’  What?

These ‘no connect’ terminals are used to mount the current-limiting resistor for the LED.

So the current-limiting resistor is moved to its own spot in the wiring harness.  Yes, that is clear heat shrink tubing.

More ‘one-line’ electrical symbol goodness.  The body of the switch is phenolic.  It is badly cracked and ready to shatter.  Had I been able to find the missing switch hardware, this switch could not be returned to service anyway.

And for those of you who understand the Cyrillic alphabet, this pic’s for you.

The input and output jacks will be desoldered.  The gray plastic is quite brittle after all these years.

Now that they have been removed, we can complete the schematic.  Those jacks have switches in them that need to be analyzed in isolation.  The switching function is not necessarily what Western manufacturers utilize in their jacks.

The printed circuit board is temporarily reinstalled so that we can check the fit of the new jacks.

The new jacks are genuine Amphenol units, professional grade, as they say.

The terminals are bent slightly inward to clear the internals of the pedal.

The stereo jack functions as a power switch, disconnecting the ground to the 9v source when the plug is disconnected.  Both jacks need to be oriented in such a way to minimize mechanical interference with the circuit board.

The original jack escutcheons really dress up the jacks!

All new wiring was made with silver wire with a white Teflon insulation, matching the original SovTek wiring harness.

The new switch is installed.  Unlike the original foot switch, this switch is wired as ‘true bypass’ when the effect is off.

The edge of the circuit board was trimmed away to allow clearance to the body of the new Amphenol jacks.  The trace that was cut is for the sleeve terminal, which is duplicated in the array of remaining pads.

This pic shows the orientation of the notch in the circuit board to the body of the new connector.

A new 9v power jack is added between the two in/out jacks.  This jack is compatible with the ‘Boss’ pedal power “standard” with negative in the middle and 9v on the sleeve.

To reassemble the pedal, the top frame goes on first.

The cover goes on next.  This is beginning to look like a pedal again!

Matt would use the 9v power jack in the studio, but the functionality of the pedal with a 9v battery remains unchanged.

Here is a look at the finished unit, updated with steel jacks and the 9v pedal power capability.  This unit works well!

Thanks for reading all the way through!

CONTACT – David Latchaw EE
281-636-8626

 

Behringer Europower Mixer

Behringer has terminated its retail sales agreement with The Big National Retail Music Store Chain, which was probably a smart move on their part.  Fortunately, service literature from Behringer is fairly easy to obtain these days.  So, the Unbrokenstring Crew launches off into another mission sortie, this time to repair this powered mixer.

This unit needs new power FETs in the output circuit.

This unit still has a price tag on it!

Made In China pretty much tells the story these days…

I believe the date code is in the format of MMYY.

The entire power output stage is mounted on this massive aluminum heat sink.  This will be fun!

The power devices are held against the heat sink with spring tabs and screws, which can be removed with a Phillips screwdriver.

I cleaned off the conductive grease so that this thing could be handled without making much more mess than I had already made.

The discrete devices in the amplifier all test OK, so new power FETs were ordered.  These are a complimentary, matched pair of N-channel and P-channel devices.

Applying heat sink grease is logistically easier with a cotton applicator.

Both faces get a little compound.  We want complete, void-free contact between each device and the heat sink.

This is the Big Squish.

The plastic output jacks were busted up pretty badly, so new ones were installed.

The power FETs form a Class A-B push-pull stage.  Per the documentation, between five and six millivolts are measured at the test points when the idle current is correctly set.  Exercise for the Graduate Student: knowing the voltage developed across a resistor that can be easily identified on the schematic (available for download) what is the bias current?

After testing, I went back into the unit and replaced the bipolar transistors that drove the gates of the power FETs.  Now this thing really does a yeoman’s job of battling against the Silence.

Thanks for reading all the way through!

CONTACT – David Latchaw EE
281-636-8626

DigiTech Whammy Pedal Checkout

This pedal wouldn’t work regardless of how it was connected. He tried the supplied power supply and a pedal power unit in his pedal board, with no luck.  Could the Unbrokenstring Crew straighten out this mess?

We put the pedal and the power unit (wall wart) on the bench and verified that nothing worked.

Here is the clue.  The customer provided a DC 9v output wall wart, a power standard which is commonly used in the world of guitar effects pedals.  That power standard is not compatible with this unit.

Not much else to see around the rest of the pedal.  The MIDI control is a nice touch.

This is the ‘correct’ wall wart.  This one says 9vac output, which is what this pedal needs.  I love eBay!

Something is rattling inside this unit.  Removing these Allen head cap screws will allow us to open the case.

This is what is rattling.

And here is where it goes.  This hardware works well, so we can set the switch aside for now.

The electrical connection between the circuit board ground and the chassis is made via this metal stand-off.  This connection was intermittent until we took the wire brush to the end of the stand-off.

The light spot on this circuit board is called ‘measling.’  This indicates that something got very hot.

This inductor goes between the power supply and the chassis ground of something plugged into the pedal.  So, it failed.  The head of the destruction caused the measling seen above.

Here is another view.  This inductor serves as a simple noise filter when nothing is plugged into the guitar input jack.

The inductor is replaced and the unit goes back together.  Working with the correct wall wart, this pedal is fun!  It does pitch bending and chorus effects surprisingly well, considering its age and the technology used.

Thanks for reading all the way through!

CONTACT – David Latchaw EE
281-636-8626